Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Mohan Kumar ¹, G. Balakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Indra Ganesan College of Engineering, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Mammogram is measured the most consistent method for early detection of breast cancer. Computer-aided diagnosis system is also able to support radiologist to detect abnormalities earlier and more rapidly. In this paper the performance evaluation of the computer aided diagnostic system for the classification of microcalcification in digital mammogram based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (SNE) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is presented. This proposed system classifies the mammogram images into normal or abnormal, and the abnormal severity into benign or malignant. Mammography Image Analysis society (MIAS) database is used to evaluate the proposed system. The average classification rate achieved is very satisfied.

Keywords

Discrete Wavelet Transform, Stochastic Neighbor Embedding, Digital Mammograms, Microcalcification.

Full Text

     

B. Chitra ¹, K. Sathish Kumar ¹, D. Manoj ¹, S. Mohan Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam – 603110, IN

Abstract

In this present study, the work deals with investigating the effects of bi-metallic nanoparticle in the base fluid (water). Copper nanoparticles were prepared by size control method and alumina nanoparticles (Al₂O₃) were purchased. Then by using the above nanoparticles subsequent nanofluids were prepared by two step method for the preparation of nanofluid. Uv Spectroscopy, X- Ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were done to characterize the nanoparticle. Bi-metallic nanofluid of Cu (core)/Al₂O₃ (shell) structure was synthesized and its thermal conductivity was measured. Then the experimental value of thermal conductivity was compared along with theoretical value, which is determined with the help of "Maxwell model for thermal conductivity for solid - liquid mixture" for low solid concentration. After preparation of nanofluid they were measured using KD2 PRO thermal conductivity analysis devices and for Copper Nanofluid the thermal conductivity was increased by 7% than the basefluid and for alumina, thermal conductivity was increased by 10% than basefluid. And Bi - metallic nanofluid, thermal conductivity was measured with the help of KD2PRO and there was 22% increase in the thermal conductivity than the base fluid.

Keywords

Nanofluids, Nanoparticles, Thermal conductivity, Bi-metallic.

Full Text

     

S. Mohan Kumar ¹, G. Balakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering, Outer Ring Road,Near Marathalli, Bellandur Main Road, Bengaluru – 560103 , Karnataka, IN
2 Indra Ganesan College of Engineering, Madurai Main Road (NH-45B), Manikandam, Thiruchirappalli – 620012, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Mammography is the most perceptive method for the detection of early breast cancer. The abnormalities of breast are analyzed by digital mammogram images and the most important indicators of breast malignancy are microcalcifications and masses. An efficient Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system for breast cancer classification is proposed in this study based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Symmetric Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (SSNE) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) using digital mammogram images. Two technical approaches are employed for feature selection from the wavelet decomposed mammogram for classification. They are based on the application of SSNE over the decomposed image. At first, SSNE is applied to the whole wavelet decomposed image whereas in the second technique it is applied to individual sub band of the wavelet decomposed image. The whole mammogram classification system is implemented in two consecutive stages. The first stage of the proposed system classifies the mammogram image into normal or abnormal. The severity of the predicted abnormality is further classified either it is benign or malignant associated with mass or microcalcification images. The performance of the proposed mammogram classification system is evaluated using Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) database images.

Keywords

Digital Mammogram, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Mass, Microcalcification, Symmetric Stochastic Neighbor Embedding, Support Vector Machine.

Full Text

   

S. Mohan Kumar ¹, S. J. Prashanth ², H. R. Manu Kumar ³, Shailaja Hittalamani ⁴, M. Udaya Kumar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, College of Horticulture (U.H.S.Campus), G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
2 College of Horticulture (U.H.S. Campus), G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
3 College of Horticulture, Sirsi, Uttara Kannada (Karnataka), IN
4 University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Crop productivity is very much dependent on the biomass and its partition to economic parts in the plant system. In the present study, 150 recombinant lines were characterized for variability in total biomass. The mapping population was classified on the basis of biomass as low and high biomass types. Except SLA, other biometric traits varied significantly. Assessment of contribution of physiological traits other than the canopy cover that determine the variability in biomass is best done when genotypes with similar leaf area but differing in biomass are compared. All the traits varied significantly between low and high biomass types. To know the interrelationship among traits that contribute to the total biomass of the plant was also ascertained through correlation studies. A positive correlation was observed between various ischolar_main, shoot associated traits and the total biomass but ischolar_main to shoot ratio showed a negative relationship with biomass. Apart from ischolar_main and shoot dry weight, a strong positive correlation was observed between the leaf area and the biomass suggesting that the photosynthetic surface area contributes significantly to the biomass production.

Keywords

Biomass, Finger Millet, Mapping Population.

Full Text

     

S. Mohan Kumar ¹, H. R. Manu Kumar ², S. J. Prashanth ³, Shailaja Hittalamani ⁴, M. Udaya Kumar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, College of Horticulture (U.H.S. Campus), G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
2 College of Horticulture, Sirsi, Uttara Kannada (Karnataka), IN
3 College of Horticulture (U.H.S. Campus), G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
4 University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to characterize finger millet recombinant inbred lines (RILs) for drought tolerance. A set of 150 RILs with two parents IE 2912 and IE 2885 used were used to characterize for drought tolerance traits such as total leaf area, ischolar_main length, ischolar_main volume, moisture retention capacity (MRC) and SPAD chlorophyll reading (SCMR). Parent line IE 2912 was superior to IE 2885 for all the traits and both parents differed significantly for all traits except MRC and SCMR. In mapping population, ischolar_main traits, leaf traits, showed traits showed normal distribution around the mean and showed continuous variation indicating their quantitative nature. Since identified parental lines and mapping population developed are differing significantly they can be utilized in identifying markers linked to drought traits.

Keywords

Finger Miller, RIL, Drought Tolerance, SCMR.

Full Text

     

Nikita S. Awasthi ¹, S. Sridharan ¹, S. Mohan Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant protection Studies, TNAU, Coimbatore – 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, TNAU, Coimbatore – 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Banana pseudostem borer Odoiporus longicollis Olivier is one of the serious monophagous pest threatening the production and productivity of banana in south India. The native isolate of entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchinkoff) Sorokin was identified and evaluated for its virulence to O. longicollis compared with other entomopathogenic fungal isolates. The native isolate M. anisopliae (Ma-BW) showed higher virulence to adults with the minimum LC₅₀ value ∼1.0 × 10⁷ spores ml^-1 and faster lethal effect on adult O. longicollis with the shortest LT₅₀ value of 62.54 hours. Among different oil in water formulations of Ma-BW evaluated against adult O. longicollis in laboratory at 2% showed that the formulation of Ma-BW in ground nut oil performed superior with adult mortality of 83.33 per cent at 120 HAT followed by oil formulations of Ma-BW in sunflower oil, gingelly oil and neem oil with76.67 per cent adult mortality at the same concentration and time period.

Keywords

Attract-And-Kill, Native Isolate, Oil-In-Water Formulation, LC50, LT₅₀.

Full Text

   

J. Alfred Daniel ¹, K. Ramaraju ², S. Mohan Kumar ³, P. Jeyaprakash ⁴, N. Chitra ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Director of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN
5 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore -641003, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

For insect diversity studies to be of value, the sampling methods employed must produce samples representative of the community or taxon selected for the investigation. However, as yet, few evaluations on the variability and effectiveness of sampling methods have been undertaken. The survey was carried out in the rice fields during 2015-16 in Paddy Breeding Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. From this study a total of 1,019 parasitoid individuals were collected. Among six different collection methods employed for sampling hymenopteran parasitoids in rice ecosystem, the yellow pan trap at ground level was found to be the most effective method in trapping the parasitoids (27.2 ± 2.56 parasitoids per day) followed by sweep net method (12.1 ± 1.03 parasitoids per day). The next best sampling method is yellow pan trap erected at canopy level which recorded a mean of 9.2 ± 2.26 parasitoids per day. The other three traps viz., malaise trap, suction trap and light trap were found to collect less number (<1.5) of parasitoids per day.

Keywords

Efficiency, Parasitoids, Rice, Sampling, Traps.

Full Text

   

S. Mohan kumar ¹, S. Satish ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Kumaraguru College of Tech., Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

Internal combustion engines are found to be extensively used in both mobile and stationary applications. The major drawbacks in diesel engines are the release of harmful gases like HC, CO, NO_x and PM into atmosphere. There is several pre combustion and post combustion techniques are available to control these emissions effectively. Although CO₂ emissions from I.C engines considered as a regulated emission but it is a leading contributor towards Greenhouse gases. In this work a numerical investigation on backpressure was carried out by varying porosity factor of activated carbon. Activated Carbon seems to be viable substance to capture CO2 emission from diesel exhaust. To evaluate the backpressure an analysis was carried out using CFD ANSYS fluent software. In the present investigation an analysis is carried out by placing activated carbon at three different variations. Then the analysis are done by varying three different porosity percentages 30,35 and 45 by placing activated carbon at three different locations. Final study reveals that activated carbon placed at PC35-3 layout shows optimum backpressure and high filtration efficiency while compared with other two layouts.

Keywords

Carbon Dioxide, Backpressure, CFD ANSYS, Filtration Efficiency.

Full Text

   

Murugasridevi K. ¹, S. Jeyarani ¹, K. Ramaraju ¹, S. Mohan Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Successful usage of entomopathogenic fungi for pest control under field conditions includes delivery techniques, infectivity and persistence of their inoculum in the environment. Pathogenicity tests performed with oil-based formulation of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill (Bb 112) against onion thrips Thrips tabaci Lindeman revealed maximum virulence with the least LC50 and LT50 values of 1.25 x 105 spores/ml and 76.11 hr, respectively. Microplot trials showed oil-based formulation of Bb 112 was effective against T. tabaci when sprayed with Controlled Droplet Applicator (CDA) sprayer giving maximum cumulative reduction of 54.04%. Field experiments revealed oil-based formulation of Bb 112 @ 108 spores ml/l applied with CDA sprayer led to maximum cumulative reduction in thrips incidence (44.69 and 41.01%, respectively), at Kumarapalayam village, Coimbatore and Ambilikkai village, Dindigul districts. In addition, maximum onion yield of 14.66 and 16.23 t/ha was observed at Kumarapalayam and Ambilikkai, respectively. Mycoinsecticides applied with the CDA sprayer can be incorporated in management of T. tabaci.

Keywords

Onion, Thrips tabaci, Beauveria bassiana, oil-based formulation, Bb 112, pathogenicity, delivery techniques, infectivity, persistence, CDA sprayer, LC50 , LT50, bulb yield.

Full Text